Efficacy of furanone in reducing the bacterial contamination and marginal bone loss of dental implants

In two-piece dental implants, gaps at the implant-abutment interface (IAI) allow bacterial contamination, contributing to peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss (MBL). This study investigates the clinical efficacy of (5Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5 H)-furanone (furanone), a quorum sensing inhibitor, for mitigating bacterial contamination and MBL around dental implants. Dental implants with dog's bacteria and various concentrations of furanone were incubated anaerobically for 7 days to evaluate the anti-bacterial effect of furanone, and bacterial quantification was performed in vitro. The mandibular premolars and molars of three mongrel dogs were extracted three months before implant placement. After the implant fixture was placed, furanone and/or bacteria were added to the inner space of the fixture and connected with a healing abutment. The MBL was assessed by soft X-ray microscopy after 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks of implant placement. Furanone (20 and 30 mM) significantly inhibited bacterial growth at the IAI in vitro. The MBL at the IAI by bacterial contamination was reduced with furanone (20 mM) in vivo. Bacterial contamination at the IAI causes a substantial MBL, which can be effectively mitigated by furanone, thereby highlighting its potential as an antibacterial agent for reducing MBL for the long-term survival of the dental implants.