MODERN ENGINES OF AEROSPACE AIRCRAFT: EXISTING SOLUTIONS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT CONCEPTS

The article is devoted to the systematization and analysis of existing design solutions of modern propulsion systems (PSM) by means of creating a propulsive force. The most common chemical rocket engines and ion engines are considered. The main technical characteristics of modern rocket engines and their design features are described. Attention is focused on the energy characteristics of the fuel used and the impact of such a decision on technical and operational indicators. An analysis of the evolutionary transformation of the vehicle from the point of view of transport efficiency is carried out. A review of existing directions of development of promising vehicle systems in the context of the latest concepts of energy assessment of material objects and the method of its transformation, means and methods of measuring small traction forces is carried out on the example of promising developments - Em-Drive and an electric motor that implements the Mach effect (MET-motor). The theoretical principles of the concepts, constructive implementation of prototypes, results of laboratory research and testing are considered. Energy systems are classified and considered according to the principle of interaction: those that are able to interact with other systems, e.g. the surrounding space (open systems) and those that are incapable of interaction (closed systems). The possibilities of creating a driving force taking into account the total energy of material objects as open systems from the point of view of non-Newtonian mechanics are considered. The concept of creating a driving force using the internal potential of a material object is substantiated and formed. A scientific hypothesis is formulated regarding the energy system of the magnetic field and its role in converting mechanical work into electrical energy and vice versa. The existing fundamental interactions and the latest trends in the development of the theory of fundamental interactions are analyzed. The influence of the development of the theory on the change in the interpretation of the concept of body mass is shown.