Density Based Traffic Control System and Emergency Vehicle Detection Using Arduino

Urban traffic congestions cause delays and ineffi- cient fuel expenditure in cities. Regular fixed-time-based traffic systems are not able to respond quickly to real-time conditions and thus cannot manage traffic efficiently. This paper proposes an adaptive traffic control system using an Arduino microcontroller to automatically adjust signal timings based on vehicle density detected by IR sensors. Moving traffic is monitored by the system in real-time to optimize signal changes for better flow and reduce congestions. The other technology associated is RFID, which creates a foolproof emergency vehicle pass using minimal time delay at intersections. The system provides priority to emergency vehicles while optimizing other traffic. This system improves the efficiency of traffic and decreases the waiting time, which enables better road clearance for emergency service vehicles. The model is cost-effective, very adaptable, and promises a great step forward in urban traffic management.