Fertilization Effects on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties, Maize Growth and Yield in Southeast Sulawesi Dryland, Indonesia

Maize plays a prominent role in fulfilling food and fodder demands in the industry.This study aimed to determine the effect of NPK fertilization on soil chemical properties and maize productivity.The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five levels of NPK, organic, and CaCO3 fertilization treatments, each with five replications.Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, followed by DMRT and Tukey's test at P<0.05.The research results demonstrated the following initial soil chemical and physical characteristics: neutral soil pH, low organic carbon content, very low nitrogen (N) content, moderate phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) contents, moderate cation exchange capacity (CEC), very high calcium (Ca) content, and sandy clay loam texture.After fertilization with N, P, K, organic matter, and CaCO3, the following changes were observed: decreased soil pH, organic carbon, Ca content, CEC, and silt content, along with a significant increase in N, P, K, Mg, sand, and clay contents.The highest organic carbon, P, and K contents in maize biomass were achieved with 75% and 100% NPK fertilization, while the highest N content was observed with 50, 75, and 100% NPK fertilization.The best C/N ratio and the most optimal maize growth and productivity were obtained from 100% NPK fertilization.The highest maize yields were recorded with 75% (7,610kgha) and 100% (7,690kgha) NPK fertilization.The highest maize yields were recorded from 75% (7,610kgha) and 100% (7,690kgha) fertilization.