Yield and Quality Potential of Wheat Hybrid Lines with West Pamir Landrace as Parental Form

The current study aims to identify lines of spring bread wheat, promising in terms of yield and quality indicators, from hybrid combinations obtained using the Western Pamir landraces and wheat varieties developed through Kazakhstan's breeding programs.The studies were carried out in 2023 and 2024 at the field trial of the Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing (KSRIAP) located in the foothills of the Zailiysky Alatau (between 4313'N and 7641'E) in the conditions of natural moisture supply.Lines and parental forms were assessed by nine quantitative morphological and yield traits of plants, as well as for bakeryquality (Glu-1 score) based on the electrophoresis of seed storage proteins.The Bobilo landrace exhibited lower performance than the Kazakhstan-bred varieties in terms of grain weight per central spike, total grain weight/plant, and thousand-grain weight.Additionally, it had a low Glu-1 index score.Correlation analysis of 67 hybrid lines from reciprocal crosses between the Bobilo landrace and two Kazakhstan-bred varieties (Lutescens 32 and Kazakhstan 3) revealed a significant positive contribution of the number of productive tillers to yield (r=0.9), while no correlation was observed between yield and thousand-grain weight.Based on the Principal Components Analysis of yield elements, 6 lines were identified that showed grain weight per plant above the parental lines.Glu-1 score of the lines ranged from 8 to 10 points.Lines combining traits of Western Pamir landraces and Kazakhstan varieties represent valuable material for breeding new spring wheat varieties adapted to the regional conditions of both countries.