Evaluating the Therapeutic Benefits of Compressive Myofascial Release and Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Manipulation for Upper Trapezius Trigger Points in Neck Pain

Neck pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder that significantly impacts daily activities and quality of life. It is often associated with myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle, leading to localized pain, muscle stiffness, and restricted range of motion. Various manual therapy techniques have been employed to address these issues, with compressive myofascial release (CMR) and instrument-assisted soft tissue manipulation (IASTM) being among the most commonly utilized interventions. These techniques aim to alleviate pain, enhance muscle function, and restore mobility by targeting myofascial restrictions and improving blood circulation. This review critically examines the existing literature on the effectiveness of CMR and IASTM in managing upper trapezius MTrPs, with a focus on their underlying mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and practical applications. Additionally, this review highlights the comparative efficacy of these approaches, their integration into comprehensive rehabilitation programs, and potential future research directions to optimize treatment strategies for individuals suffering from myofascial-related neck pain. Key words: Myofascial release, Instrument-assisted soft tissue manipulation, Trigger points, Upper trapezius, Neck pain, Manual therapy