SMT-based Layout Synthesis for Silicon-based Quantum Computing with Crossbar Architecture

With the announcement of the most advanced silicon spin quantum-bit (qubit) chip by Intel, silicon-based quantum circuit manufacturing technology has shown the superior potential to realize quantum computing to other technologies because of the mature semiconductor manufacturing technologies and the compatibility with electronics. Due to the bottleneck in scalability caused by interconnections in silicon-based quantum circuits, crossbar architectures serve as one of the most promising solutions for circuitry implementation. This paper proposes the first satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) formulation to optimally solve the layout synthesis problem by simultaneously performing scheduling, mapping, and routing for silicon-based quantum systems with a specific crossbar architecture. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively generate layout synthesis results with minimal usage of swap and shuttle gates within the shortest circuit depths, and the solutions greatly outperform those derived from a state-of-the-art work.