Analysis and Quantification of Microbial Activity in Soils From Agroforestry Systems

Objective: This study sought to evaluate soil microbial activity in an agroforestry system in order to understand its importance for maintaining soil fertility. Theoretical Reference: Soil can act as a carbon reservoir, reducing the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere. The greater the quantity of microorganisms present in this environment, the better the microbiological characteristics for soil development. Therefore, agroforestry systems can represent an effective environment for capturing carbon, acting as CO2 sinks and contributing to climate change mitigation. Method: The experiments were carried out in the municipality of Taquaritinga do Norte, Pernambuco. Soil samples were taken from six blocks, three in the agroforestry system and the other three in an area of secondary native forest. The samples were collected at a depth of 0.5-5.0 cm. The entire procedure took place in the Biotechnology laboratory of the Research Support Centre (CENAPESQ) at UFRPE. The data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results and Discussion: The agroforestry systems had a higher number of fungi in bacteria than the native secondary forest. Fungi were predominant in both systems and were influenced by factors such as the period (rainy and dry), humidity and soil pH. The analysis of microbial composition identified genera with relevant potential for ecological processes and soil quality, such as Aspergillus, Penicillium and Trichoderma. Research Implications: The theoretical and applied implications of this research are analysed comprehensively, highlighting how the findings can contribute to the advancement of knowledge and the implementation of practices to recognise microbial dynamics in the soil and their environmental and agricultural influences. Originality/Value: The research has value due to its unprecedented application in the field. Its relevance is emphasised by the fact that it is aligned with different scientific studies that have already been consolidated on the academic scene.