Solar and Wind Powered Automatic Water Pumping System

Water scarcity and inefficient irrigation practices have driven the need for automated and renewable energy-based water pumping systems. This paper presents a solar and wind-powered automatic water pumping system that uses renewable energy sources to pump water efficiently. A solar panel and wind generator charge a 12V lead-acid battery, with a DC-DC converter acting as a charge controller to regulate power. The system incorporates Arduino Uno and a soil moisture sensor, which detects soil moisture levels and automatically turns the pump on or off as needed. The Arduino controls the motor through a relay, ensuring an efficient and smart irrigation solution. This setup not only reduces dependency on non-renewable energy but also optimizes water usage in agriculture. The proposed system is a cost-effective, sustainable, and eco-friendly solution for water pumping, particularly in rural and off-grid areas.