The Effect of Psychological Variables associated with Aging on the Psychological State of Seniors in Jordan according to Gender and Exercise Habits

This research aims to identify the level of psychological variables associated with aging (depression, anxiety, and stress) and their impact on the mental health of older adults in Jordan, based on gender and physical activity variables. The researchers used a descriptive approach, and the sample consisted of 63 older adults, including 30 males and 33 females, with ages ranging from 60 years and above. The research tool used was the DASS-21 scale to measure depression, anxiety, and stress. The results showed that the level of psychological variables associated with aging among older adults in Jordan was at a moderate level. Statistically significant differences were found in the areas of "anxiety and stress" in favor of females, and no significant differences were found in the area of depression due to gender. The results also revealed significant differences in the level of depression, favoring older adults who did not engage in physical activities compared to those who did. Additionally, there were differences in the level of anxiety, favoring older adults who exercised once a week compared to those who exercised twice or more per week. The researchers concluded that a lack of physical and sports activities negatively impacts mental health and increases psychological manifestations associated with aging, such as anxiety, depression, and stress. They also pointed out that older adults are unaware of the psychological benefits associated with physical activity, and that physical and sports activities play an effective role in reducing the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress among older adults.