The impact of reducing electric energy consumption and peak load through the implementation of energy conservation policies

Electric energy stands as one of the most critical pillars of modern civilization, playing a fundamental and indispensable role in various social and life activities. The rate of electric energy consumption is widely regarded as a key indicator for assessing the level of economic and civilizational progress across nations. In recent years, the demand for electric energy has accelerated significantly, particularly in developing countries and emerging economies, driven by industrial development and rapid economic growth. This trend has placed policymakers and decision-makers in developing nations in a challenging predicament, as limited investments are available to meet the escalating energy demand at an acceptable cost. Failure to address this issue may impede economic growth and lead to a decline in living standards [1]. Consequently, the global focus on enhancing energy efficiency has intensified, with this issue taking precedence on the agendas of policymakers and decision-makers. The importance of this topic lies in its potential to deliver numerous benefits, including stabilizing energy demand, conserving energy resources, meeting growing energy needs without compromising consumer requirements, generating substantial economic returns, and addressing climate change concerns. In this study the energy produced and the peak load for the study period from 2015 to 2024 were calculated based on demographic, economic, and electrical data from previous years (historical). In this step, two energy scenarios were assumed: a baseline energy scenario, which assumes the continuation of past energy consumption patterns (the conventional energy scenario), and a guided energy scenario, which reflects the impact of adopting policies to promote rational energy use and conservation. The demand for electric energy was analyzed according to the assumed scenarios baked on the data collected from the General Electricity Company and National Oil Corporation, using Excel by applying the same reliability criteria to both scenarios, the results were compared to determine the expected impact of implementing electric energy conservation and load management policies [2]. Keywords: Consumption, energy demand, energy resources, conventional energy, guided energy