Aerodynamic characteristics of the train traversing the thunderstorm downburst wind field

To investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-speed train as it traverses the thunderstorm downburst wind, a special test device was used to simulate the thunderstorm downburst wind field. Based on the rigid model pressure measurement test, the surface pressure characteristics and aerodynamic forces of the train were tested as the train traversed the thunderstorm downburst wind along different paths. Also, the effects of the radial distance of the crossing path on the surface pressure and aerodynamic force characteristics of the train were explored. The results show that when the train traverses the thunderstorm downburst wind field, the pressure values in the nose regions of both the head and tail cars exhibit significant transient changes, while the windward and top surfaces of the equal section region form a strong pressure region. In contrast, the pressure changes on the leeward and bottom surfaces are relatively small. When the train traverses the thunderstorm downburst wind along different paths, the mean pressure value of the windward surface and the variation trend of the sectional lateral force are less affected by the radial distance of the crossing path. However, the radial distance of the crossing path significantly influences the mean pressures on the leeward surface, top surface, and bottom surface, particularly in the nose region of the train. The sectional lateral force decreases as the radial distance decreases, primarily due to the differences in the mean pressures on the leeward surfaces in different crossing paths. Furthermore, the sectional lift forces differ considerably for different paths. The total aerodynamic forces of the head, middle and tail cars exhibit a pulsating variation as the train traverses the thunderstorm downburst wind.