Homo Legens: A person Reading

<p>The article raises the problem of the psychology of fiction as a form of art from the standpoint of cultural and historical methodology. Separately, based on the ideas of M.M. Bakhtin about the dialogic nature of the text and A.N. Leontiev about the communicative nature of art, issues related to the creation of works of art and their understanding are considered, which is reflected in the sections "the work of the author" and "the work of the reader". The meeting of the author and the reader means the birth of Homo Legens - the Reading Man: this publication is devoted to the study of this phenomenon. Fiction (as the author's work) can be analyzed in two ways: on the one hand, it acts as an object of psychological research, and on the other - its subject, an independent carrier of psychological knowledge. In the first case, literature is either an object of scientific and psychological study, or its means; in the second, the possibility of treating literature as a carrier of extra-scientific psychological knowledge is substantiated, which determines its its psychotechnical effect on the reader. The reader's perception of a literary work (the reader's work) is analyzed from artistic and scientific positions, which complement each other. Based on L.S. Vygotsky's ideas about the activity of aesthetic experience and P.Ya. Galperin's doctrine of interiorization, the point of view is substantiated according to which the reader's understanding of a literary work is a process of its active recreation, which is consonant with V.F. Asmus's ideas about reading as creativity. In conclusion, using fiction as an example, a conclusion is made about the productivity of turning to scientific and non-scientific (literary) sources of psychological knowledge in developing issues of the psychology of art.</p>