Central Giant Cell Granuloma of Right Mandible Post Extraction: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organisation describes Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) as an intraosseouslesion made up of cellular fibrous tissue with several hemorrhage foci, aggregations of multinucleatedgiant cells, and some woven bone trabeculae1. These tumours are more common in the mandible than in themaxilla, making for 7% of all benign tumours of the jaw.The cause is unknown, although potential causes in-cludeinflammatory foci, trauma, or genetic predisposition. Aggressive and non-aggressive CGCG subtypes arerecognised. The most prevalent kind, known as the non-aggressive variation, manifests as a painless lesion thatgrows slowly and expands the cortical bone. Conversely, younger individuals may present with severe giant cellgranulomas that have the following characteristics: they may be larger than 5 cm, expand quickly, exhibit rootresorption, cause tooth displacement that results in malocclusion, thin or puncture the cortical bone, or recurafter curettage.The presented case is an aggressive variant of CGCG.Introduction: In the craniofacial region, particularly in the jaw bones, Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) is anuncommon, histologically benign, but locally aggressive and destructive osteolytic disease of osteoclastic origin. Arapid diagnostic assessment, together with adequate histopathologic verification, is essential to improve themanagement and prognosis of this locally destructive lesion. This post-extraction development is unusual, asCGCGs are typically not associated with recent dental extractions, adding complexity to the diagnostic process.The lesion exhibited aggressive growth within a short period, necessitating prompt intervention. This case contributesto the literature by highlighting the potential for CGCG to manifest in extraction sites, which may necessitatea re-evaluation of post-extraction monitoring protocols. Future research could explore the factors that predisposeextraction sites to CGCG formation, as well as the long-term outcomes of different surgical techniques.Observation: A rare case of a large destructive CGCG involving the right mandible, causing extensive bony resorptionas well as cortical expansion with perforations, in a 29-year-old male is presented. It was diagnosed andtreated successfully to preserve the continuity of the mandible