Research on Retrieving Lake Water Quality by Remote Sensing Technology

遥感技术具有大面积同步观测、高效率、低成本、周期性、数据综合性强等明显优势。研究湖泊水质关乎水域生态平衡、生物多样性保护、实现区域可持续发展、有效实施水资源管理和环境保护。目前，遥感技术反演湖泊水质监测研究是当前热点之一，遥感技术可在水资源、水环境、水生态、水灾害防御等业务中提供大范围且空间连续的观测数据，与无人机、地面站点信息相结合可形成天地一体化、点面结合的水安全要素立体监测网络。遥感技术已应用在防洪抗旱、河湖管理、水土保持、水政执法、水资源管理、水源地管理等诸多水利业务中，发挥着越来越重要的技术支撑作用。本文主要阐述了水质反演方法、国内外遥感水质监测技术研究进展，讨论了目前遥感水质监测中存在的问题及对反演过程进行了展望。Remote sensing technology has obvious advantages such as large area synchronous observation, high efficiency, low cost, periodicity and strong data synthesis. The study of lake water quality is related to water ecological balance, biodiversity conservation, regional sustainable development, effective implementation of water resources management and environmental protection. At present, remote sensing technology inversion of lake water quality monitoring research is one of the current hot spots. Remote sensing technology can provide a large range and spatial continuous observation data in water resources, water environment, water ecology, water disaster prevention and other services. Combined with UAV and ground station information, it can form a three-dimensional monitoring network of water security elements that integrates space and earth and point and surface. Remote sensing technology has been applied in flood control and drought relief, river and lake management, soil and water conservation, water administration law enforcement, water resources management, water source management and many other water conservancy operations, playing an increasingly important technical support role. In this paper, water quality inversion methods and remote sensing water quality monitoring technology at home and abroad are described, the existing problems in remote sensing water quality monitoring are discussed, and the inversion process is prospected.