IoT-Based Automated Solar Panel Cleaning and Monitoring Technique

Aims: The aim of this research is to develop an IoT-based automatic solar panel rotating system to enhance solar energy efficiency by tracking the sun’s movement and adjusting the panel’s position accordingly. Study Design: Fixed solar panels cannot capture maximum sunlight throughout the day, reducing overall efficiency. This study integrates IoT technology with sensors, microcontrollers, and servo motors to create an automated tracking system that optimizes solar panel orientation in real-time. Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted under faculty supervision as a part of the final project for the Bachelor of Technology degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology & Sciences (ANITS), Visakhapatnam, India. The study was carried out from January 2024 to April 2025. Methodology: The system uses Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) to detect sunlight intensity and a microcontroller (Arduino) to process data. Servo motors adjust the panel's angle based on sensor inputs, ensuring optimal exposure to sunlight. IoT integration allows real-time data access and remote control via a web or mobile application. Results: Experimental analysis shows that the rotating solar panel system significantly improves energy absorption compared to fixed panels. The IoT-based monitoring system provides real-time data and enhances operational efficiency. Conclusion: The IoT-based automatic solar panel rotating system maximizes solar energy capture by continuously adjusting the panel’s position. This cost-effective and efficient solution contributes to the advancement of renewable energy technologies and sustainable energy generation.