Analyzing Transportation Network Vulnerability to Critical-Link Attacks Through Topology Changes and Traffic Volume Assessment

As a critical infrastructure, the transportation network impacts health, safety, comfort, and the economy, making it highly vulnerable to disruptions that significantly affect social and economic well-being. To maintain optimal service during such disruptions, the critical links that are vulnerable to disruptions must be identified and their impact on network performance must be understood. This study proposes a method for identifying network vulnerabilities by targeting critical links based on topological parameters, assessing worst-case scenarios under severe conditions. These parameters serve as proxies for performance and are utilized to generate critical-link attacks to assess the network vulnerability. In addition, this study proposes a straightforward and simplistic modeling framework using topological parameters to assess the impact of such attacks on traffic flow changes. To characterize network performance and traffic volume changes under critical-link attacks, this study utilizes the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF), which highlights the upper tail of the distribution where extreme or rare events occur. The proposed method was applied to a real network in the Colombo Municipal Council (CMC) area in Sri Lanka. The findings of this study will help us understand the impact of critical-link attacks on transportation network performance and traffic flow and develop proactive policies to address vulnerabilities and improve overall network performance.