Organization Perceptions, Agriculture Operations, and Government Policies toward Sustainable Solutions: A Holistic Approach to CO2 Emissions in Malaysian Context of Food Industry

With limited energy, land, and water resources, meeting the expanding demand is made more difficult by population growth and rising food consumption. In a near future, climate change will affect agriculture and cause natural resources going into scarcity. Thus, it is critical to scrutinize the Malaysia domestic system that could support decision-making to practice sustainability. The main drivers behind this research are agriculture industry is closely related to the basic needs of humans, and the agricultural demands for human consumption are foreseen to exceed the supply in the near future. While striving to fulfill the demand of this generation, it is crucial for the food industries to find a resolution to achieve a balance in juggling the demand, as well as environmental protection and greenhouse gas emissions management. There are numerous empirical studies pinpointed the existence of government initiatives act as a catalyst to stimulate the involvement of industry players to work on greenhouse gas reduction aspirations. Even though the studies of greenhouse gas emissions have been adopted rapidly recently, however studies have shown limited understanding toward CO2 emissions management from the organization view, especially food industry in Malaysia. Hence, the study for greater industry-specific research on agriculture industry is absolutely essential. This research provide an examination on the interaction between organization perception, agriculture industry operation, government initiative and the CO2 emissions management in Malaysia’s food industry. The pilot test analysis results exemplified that agriculture industry operation have a significant relationship toward the implementation of CO2 Emissions Management. This research uncovers critical insights through a comprehensive survey, highlighting the necessity for firms to integrate CO2 emission-related considerations into their corporate strategic planning processes. It emphasizes that corporate strategic plans must align CO2 emission reduction objectives with overarching corporate goals. Furthermore, to effectively tackle the challenges posed by CO2 emissions and climate change, corporations should prioritize sustainability measures across all facets of their operations. These findings are particularly valuable for organizations in the food industry and beyond, providing guidance on essential factors to emphasize in efforts to reduce CO2 emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change.