The role of information propaganda in the escalation of tensions and their impact on the political stability of Kazakhstan

In the era of a globalized world and a high level of development of information and communication technologies, information propaganda are of particular importance, which, acquire special importance, which, through their rapid spread through media and social media, become a powerful tool for manipulating public consciousness and political pressure by acting at their speed and reach. In turn, these factors are becoming a catalyst for the escalation of tensions among both populations and political environments. In the article, the authors raise issues related to the influence of information on the psycho-emotional consciousness of society and the disharmony of the internal socio-political situation, as well as analyze the main approaches to the concept of “information propaganda”. An important place was given to the analysis of media messages and statements of individual public figures, thanks to which, based on the methods of content analysis and case studies, the main information leaks and their goals were studied, which had the greatest impact on the destabilization of the political situation inside Kazakhstan. Based on this, within the framework of the systemic approach, it was established that the main actors are Russia and the West, which consider the information space of Kazakhstan as a tool of geopolitical influence in order to promote their strategic interests. The results of the study show how information propaganda have a significant impact on the population of Kazakhstan, which is most susceptible to information influence due to the low level of media literacy of the population, which has continued for the past 5 years. In addition, based on the studied data, the authors developed and proposed specific practical recommendations to improve the media literacy of the population and its resilience to information attacks, as well as combating disinformation, which seems appropriate for maintaining the national security of Kazakhstan.