A Comparative Study of Word Acquisition in First and Second Language Learning through the Lens of the Emergentist Coalition Model (ECM)

This qualitative study examined the vocabulary acquisition processes of children acquiring their first language (L1) and adults learning a second language (L2), employing the Emergentist Coalition Model (ECM) as its theoretical framework. The study participants were children aged 5 to 9 and adults aged 16 to 35, who engaged in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis indicated that infants predominantly utilized implicit learning via social cues and phonological awareness, whereas adults employed a more explicit and strategic methodology, prioritizing semantic understanding. These findings underscored the impact of developmental stage and learning environment on vocabulary acquisition methods. This research elucidated the significance of both implicit and explicit learning for L1 and L2 learners, hence enhancing the comprehension of word acquisition.