The Development and Characterization of an Andiroba Oil-Based Nanoemulsion (Carapa guianensis, Aubl.): Insights into Its Physico-Chemical Features and In Vitro Potential Healing Effects
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Andiroba oil, extracted from <i>Carapa guianensis</i> seeds, possesses therapeutic properties including anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. This study aimed to develop and characterize a nanoemulsion formulation containing andiroba oil (NeAnd) and to evaluate its cytotoxicity and wound healing potential in vitro. <b>Methods</b>: The oil was evaluated for acidity, antioxidant activity, and fatty acid composition. NeAnd was produced by ultrasonication and characterized using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. <b>Results:</b> NeAnd exhibited a spherical shape and stable physicochemical properties, with an average hydrodynamic diameter (HD) of 205.7 ± 3.9 nm, a polydispersity index (PdI) of 0.295 ± 0.05, a negative zeta potential of -4.16 ± 0.414 mV, and pH of approximately 6.5. These nanodroplets remained stable for 120 days when stored at 4 °C and maintained their parameters even under pH variations. FTIR and Raman analyses confirmed the presence of functional groups and the organization of fatty acid chains in NeAnd. Cell viability assays revealed no statistically significant differences in cytotoxicity at various concentrations (90-360 µg/mL) after 24 and 48 h. In scratch wound healing assays, NeAnd significantly enhanced wound closure (88.9%) compared to the PBS control (38%) and free andiroba oil (68.6%) in keratinocytes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> These promising findings indicate NeAnd as a potential nanophytomedicine for wound healing and tissue regeneration treatments.
Authors
- Carlos Alexandre Rocha da Costa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-9284)
- Eduardo Valério de Barros Vilas Boas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0252-695X)
- Marcelo Henrique Sousa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1210-8329)
- Lívia Macedo Dutra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-1093)
- Thalya Soares Ribeiro Nogueira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-9750)
- Marcella Lemos Brettas Carneiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6165-0969)
- Lorrane Ribeiro de Souza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4509-5483)
- Valdir Florêncio da Veiga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1365-7602)
- João Paulo Santos de Carvalho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6790-3183)
- Carolina Ramos dos Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0677-7745)
- Gilson Gustavo Lucinda Machado (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-0357)
- Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0867-1357)
- Ivo José Curcino Vieira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2724-0106)
- Atailson Oliveira da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7434-6491)
- Aimê Stefany Alves da Fonseca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0344-6345)
- Graziella Anselmo Joanitti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-1284)
- I. Monteiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6000-4700)
- Victória Laysna dos Anjos Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5906-8227)
- Rayssa Ribeiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-3530)
- Samuel Silva Morais
- Sebastião William da Silva
Institutions
- Universidade Federal de Lavras (BR)
- Universidade de Brasília (BR)
- State University of Norte Fluminense (BR)
- Military Institute of Engineering (BR)
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Pharmaceutics
- Published
- 2025-04-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17040498
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Botanical Research and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.65
Funders
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico