Enzyme-Mediated Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Enables Large-Scale Synthesis of δ-Cyclodextrin
α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins (CDs) are macrocycles formed from six, seven, and eight α-1,4-linked d-glucopyranose units and are industrially produced on ton scales for use as hosts for bioactive guests in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Large-ring cyclodextrins, with more than eight glucose units, have been known for decades but never isolated in more than milligram quantities. We report a scalable method to synthesize δ-CD, formed from nine glucose units, in high yield (>40%), high purity (>95% purity without chromatography), and unprecedented quantities (multigram scale). We exploit a superchaotropic dodecaborate template, B<sub>12</sub>Cl<sub>12</sub><sup>2-</sup>, to direct the selective synthesis of δ-CD from within an enzyme-mediated dynamic combinatorial library of interconverting cyclodextrins. Our single-step reaction uses a recyclable template, cheap starting materials, and a commercial 'food-grade' enzyme and can thus give access to large quantities of δ-CD. This work will enable the first large-scale investigations of the properties and applications of this little-known larger CD.
Authors
- Andreas Erichsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-6081)
- Kasper H. Hansen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9531-9801)
- Dennis Larsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-7983)
- Sophie R. Beeren (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6682-3603)
Institutions
- Technical University of Denmark (DK)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Published
- 2025-04-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c02055
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.22
Funders
- Villum Fonden
- Carlsbergfondet
- Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond
- European Research Council