Socio-Economic Impact of MGNREGA among the Beneficiaries of Nirmand Block of District Kullu Himachal Pradesh

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is a key program launched by the Government of India to support rural livelihoods. Enacted on August 25, 2005, and implemented on February 2, 2006, this scheme aims to strengthen the economic and social conditions of rural communities when carried out effectively. Given that agriculture is the backbone of the rural economy, MGNREGA introduced a rights -based approach that marked a major shift from earlier employment initiatives. Under this Act, the government is required by law to provide up to 100 days of wage employment to individuals seeking work. Beyond job creation, the program promotes sustainable development by conserving natural resources and building productive assets. It has played a vital role in transforming rural India by protecting the environment and reducing the migration of workers to urban areas. This research examines the actual effects of MGNREGA in the Nirmand block of Kullu district. The study was carried out in four panchayats within the Nirmand block, chosen due to their effective execution of MGNREGA projects. These panchayats have consistently ranked among the top five in MGNREGA implementation over the past five years. The research is primarily based on firsthand data and assesses public awareness regarding essential aspects of MGNREGA. It also evaluates its influence on the financial well -being of beneficiaries, the effectiveness of social audits, the empowerment of women, educational opportunities for children, dietary patterns, access to healthcare, sanitation, rural infrastructure, and trends in migration.