ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF BYPASS TRACKS IN SORTING PARKS AND THEIR AUTOMATED DESIGN

Purpose. Sorting stations on the railways of Ukraine were built in the 1930s and in the middle of the last century. The development of the chutes of the sorting parks was influenced by the emergence of new technology, the introduction of which put forward new requirements for the elements of the plan and led to the development of directions of an integrated approach to the design of the plan and profile, taking into account the dynamics of rolling wagons. Despite the existing achievements of scientists who have studied these issues, the problems of optimizing the design of the plan remain relevant at the present time, therefore the purpose of the study is to find ways to reduce the length of the chutes of the sorting parks. Methods. In the process of research, simulation modeling methods were used to obtain lines of overall distances of rolling stock passage, taking into account their distribution in curved sections and to determine the inter-track distance in curved junctions. Analytical geometry methods were used to determine the lengths of design elements. Results. The principal schemes of the adjacency of bypass tracks in the hill necks were considered and their geometric parameters were calculated under the condition of arranging straight-line exits. The range of reducing the length of the switch neck by reducing the inter-track distance in the case of the adjacency of the bypass track to part of the beam tracks was established. The possibility of laying adjacent switch crossings with crossings facing each other without arranging an insert between them without the possibility of parallel movement of the bypass and landing tracks was considered. The schemes of the adjacency of the bypass track with and without the laying of a cross exit were compared and it was established that the reduction of the neck length is achieved precisely when laying a cross exit and the need to lay two additional switch crossings. The principal schemes of laying curved exits of the adjacency of bypass tracks were analyzed. It is impossible to determine the position of the switches in such junctions and calculate the parameters of the connections analytically, therefore the calculations were performed using the software package considered in [14]. Practical significance. The results obtained in the work can be used as initial data for further research into the interaction of individual elements of sorting chutes in the search for ways to reduce their length and in solving the problem of developing an automated system for optimal design of the plan of chutes.