Hydroponic Systems: Best Practices for Biosecurity, Disinfection and Pest Management

Hydroponics is a soilless farming which is revolutionizing agriculture by improving yield, space utilization and water efficiency. However, microbial contamination, biofilm development and pest infestation pose major threats to food security and system sustainability. In this review we researched about cleaning, disinfection and pest control techniques used in hydroponic farming. Most efficient disinfection is sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) but we also present environmentally friendly alternatives like sodium percarbonate (SPC) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O₂). Preventing pests sustainably using integrated pest management (IPM) methodologies (e.g. physical barriers, biological controls). If hygiene techniques are properly followed through rigorous sanitization practices and adherence to food safety regulations for hydroponic systems. Future studies should focus on novel disinfection techniques to further enhance biosecurity. Hydroponic systems, however, rely on strict sanitization measures and must comply with food safety legislation to maintain their integrity.