Strategic Tools for the Formation of Cluster Capital to Implement Technological Innovations

In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape and accelerating technological development, industrial clusters play a crucial role in fostering innovation and ensuring sustainable economic growth. However, their effectiveness largely depends on the organization of optimal interactions between the participants, which implies a balanced allocation of resources and the co-evolution of capitals within the cluster. In this paper, we introduce strategic tools designed to form cluster capital by integrating financial, technological, and intellectual resources to create a sustainable environment for technological innovation implementation. To solve the set tasks, we developed a mathematical model based on the entropy approach and network analysis methods. This was developed to model and optimize the resource distribution among the cluster participants. The application of the proposed model using the example of the PenzaStankoMash industrial machine-building cluster has shown that the optimal configuration of the actors’ capitals in clusters contributes to the creation of synergetic effects. This increases the innovation potential and overall efficiency of the system. Our modeling considered various capital allocation scenarios, leading us to conclude that a balanced approach is important. The results of this study contribute to an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms for optimizing interactions in clusters. They contain specific strategic tools for managing capitals in clusters and contribute to the development of industrial policy based on the principles of a systematic approach.