Performance and Reliability Analysis of a New Drone Bottle Valve

As the global demand for sustainable energy grows, hydrogen fuel has become a promising alternative to fossil fuels, particularly in the drone industry. Drones, known for their high mobility and low operational costs, are increasingly utilized in sectors like defense, agriculture, and logistics. However, traditional battery-powered drones are limited by flight duration and recharging times. Hydrogen fuel cells present a viable solution, with effective hydrogen pressure regulation being the key to ensuring their stable operation. This paper presents an innovative valve design for drones, developed to regulate the pressure reduction of high-pressure hydrogen gas from the storage tank to the fuel cell system. The valve incorporates a multi-stage pressure reduction mechanism, optimized to minimize the adverse effects of gas flow. Using a combination of experimental tests and numerical simulations, the study examines hydrogen flow characteristics at various valve openings, focusing on pressure, velocity distribution, and energy consumption. The results demonstrate that narrowing the valve opening improves pressure reduction, effectively controlling hydrogen flow and stabilizing pressure, thereby ensuring proper fuel cell operation. Further analysis reveals that smaller valve openings help reduce turbulence and energy loss, improving flow stability and system efficiency. This research provides valuable insights into hydrogen pressure regulation in drone fuel delivery systems, especially under extreme conditions such as high pressures and large pressure ratios. The findings offer both theoretical and practical guidance for optimizing hydrogen fuel delivery systems in fuel cell-powered drones, contributing to improve energy management and enhance performance in future drone applications.