Differences in pain and trauma caused by common sampling devices used in the United States for Tritrichomonas foetus testing in bulls
Veterinarians have multiple diagnostic sampling methods for T foetus. The Pizzle Stick's lower pain score makes it the best choice, balancing animal welfare and diagnostic efficacy.
Authors
- Blaine T. Johnson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9414-6515)
- Jennifer Koziol (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0096-5040)
- Chance L. Armstrong
- Stephanie L. Myers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-4886)
Institutions
- Texas Tech University (US)
- Auburn University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
- Published
- 2025-04-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.10.0681
- Primary Topic
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- University of Pennsylvania