Using immersive virtual reality to measure strike and dip and teach geological mapping concepts

The transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for more accessible and inclusive alternatives to traditional field-based geoscience education. In 2020, a web-hosted desktop virtual reality interface to take strike and dip (S&D) measurements was piloted with generally positive results from user feedback. However, the platform was developed to be used in an immersive virtual reality (iVR) environment. This paper presents a case study evaluating the user experience and learning outcomes of the iVR S&D program designed to facilitate teaching geological mapping concepts. Twelve students participated in the study, completing five mapping exercises within the iVR environment and providing feedback through pre- and post-mapping surveys and structured interviews focusing on the user experience and perceptions of S&D in iVR. We found that students performed well on the mapping exercises, the iVR environment enhanced their learning, and scaffolded assignments and learning community contributed to their self-efficacy. While acknowledging the limitations of iVR in replicating real-world field conditions, we find that it is successful at building student skills and confidence while demonstrating the potential of iVR S&D as an effective accessible tool for teaching geological mapping concepts and improving spatial reasoning skills.