Antibody-Recruiting Surfaces Using Adaptive Multicomponent Supramolecular Copolymers

Multicomponent structures that mediate the clustering of antibodies on cancer cell surfaces are an attractive strategy to unleash innate immune killing mechanisms. However, covalent multifunctional scaffolds that combine cell surface anchoring and antibody binding can be challenging to synthesize and lack adaptability. Here, we present a dynamic multicomponent supramolecular system displaying both antibody- and cell surface-binding motifs, without covalent linkage between them. Supramolecular monomers based on benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (<b>BTA-(OH)</b>₃) were functionalized with benzoxaborole (Ba) for surface anchoring (<b>BTA-Ba</b>) or dinitrophenyl (DNP) for antibody binding (<b>BTA-DNP</b>_<b>1/3</b>). The multicomponent fibers comprising <b>BTA-(OH)</b>_<b>3</b>, <b>BTA</b>-<b>Ba</b>, and <b>BTA-DNP</b>_<b>1/3</b> recruited anti-DNP antibodies to sialic acid-functionalized supported lipid bilayers, indicating that both Ba and DNP remained accessible for binding. Dynamic exchange was demonstrated in a cell-mimicking environment, highlighting the adaptivity of these supramolecular polymers. Despite the complexity of a ternary system, the adaptivity of supramolecular polymers gives the individual components the possibility to act in concert, mimicking natural systems.