Antioxidant Activity of Prochlorperazine Dimaleate

Reactive oxygen species participate in many physiological processes of the body, but their excess disturbs the metabolic balance and leads to an unfavorable phenomenon called oxidative stress. Several mechanisms account for ROS elimination. One of the antioxidants may be phenothiazine derivatives because of the basic chemical structure – the phenothiazine ring. The study aimed to assess the antioxidant activity of prochlorperazine dimaleate, a phenothiazine derivative, and compare it with reference antioxidants (Trolox and ascorbic acid). Thus, we investigated ABTS, DPPH, CUPRAC, FRAP, and scavenging superoxide anion radical (O2•) assays. It was shown that prochlorperazine dimaleate does not reduce ABTS radicals; meanwhile, Trolox significantly decreased these radicals dose-dependently. Moreover, prochlorperazine dimaleate scavenges DPPH radicals, but it is much less efficient than ascorbic acid. Noteworthy, we noticed that the analyzed drug significantly reduces Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions, as well as scavenges O2• radicals. Based on the obtained IC50 values, the antioxidant activity of prochlorperazine dimaleate could be as follows: CUPRAC > FRAP > O2• > DPPH > ABTS. Of course, to present a full view of the potential antioxidant activity of phenothiazine derivatives, further experiments must be performed using other derivatives.