PROTEIN CONCENTRATE FROM WHITE LUPINE OF DEGA VARIETY

The aim of this work is to obtain a vegetable protein concentrate for animal husbandry by enzymatic treatment of lupine and to evaluate its nutritional characteristics for use in animal husbandry. White lupine of Dega variety (harvest 2019, Republic of Tatarstan) was used in the study. Lupine seeds were pre-treated in an EM-150 feed extruder (Russia) at the production site of NTC GreenTex LLC (Kazan). The concentration of total nitrogen, true protein, fiber, fat, ash, pectin, and starch was determined in the seeds before and after extrusion. Enzymatic hydrolysis of lupine was carried out using enzyme preparations from Novozymes (Denmark) and OOO PO Sibbiopharm (Russia). Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out in a laboratory shaker-incubator Kuhner ISF1-X (Switzerland) with subsequent separation of the solid and liquid fractions by centrifugation. The solid sediment (protein concentrate) was dried, the content of total and true nitrogen was determined. Most of the fat from the extruded lupine is released during enzymatic hydrolysis into a hydrolysate. In the case of Novozymes enzymes, the maximum yield of reducing substances (RS) (1.66%) is observed after 5-6 hours (without extrusion treatment - 10-12 hours (1.55%)); in the case of Sibbiopharm preparations, the maximum RS (2.2%) is achieved after 1.5 hours from the start of treatment. Infrared spectroscopy (Shimadzu, Japan) showed a change in the chemical structure of both carbohydrates and proteins. It was possible to increase the protein concentration in the final product from 39.8% to 47.58%. Evaluation of the amino acid composition on the NIRS™DS 2500 analyzer showed that enzymatic treatment of lupine seeds allows increasing the amount of amino acids in them from 25.95 to 42.08%, including replaceable amino acids from 9.97 to 15.21%, essential amino acids from 15.98 to 26.87%. The resulting protein concentrate from lupine can be used in feeding farm animals and poultry in order to balance diets for amino acids.