Prediction of the impact of solar power plants on soil and evapotranspiration in the conditions of Uzbekistan

The present paper investigates the impact of solar power plants on soils and evapotranspiration in the conditions of Uzbekistan. A comparative study of five solar energy projects provided by Masdar Company has been carried out. The findings of the study indicate that the installation of solar panels can contribute to a reduction in soil temperature by 5.1-9.75 °C, which is likely to have a positive impact on the microclimate in semi-arid and arid climate conditions.It was determined that evapotranspiration under the panels could be reduced by 120-194 mm/year, resulting in reduced moisture loss through evapotranspiration. Changes in soil moisture have been studied, which increases by 2.0-3.5 per cent due to the reduction of evapotranspiration, which makes it possible to propose the use of agrovoltaics in Uzbekistan.It is substantiated that the combination of renewable energy and agriculture can increase the sustainability of ecosystems.The results presented emphasise the need for further research on the environmental impact of solar panels, taking into account regional climatic conditions.