Case Report: A Rare Case of Central Intraventricular Neurocytoma

Background: Central neurocytoma (CN) is a rare, well-differentiated neuroepithelial tumor, classified as WHO Grade 2. It primarily arises within the ventricles, most commonly in the lateral ventricles, and accounts for less than 1% of all intracranial tumors. Due to its location and imaging characteristics, CN poses a diagnostic challenge and may be mistaken for other intraventricular neoplasms.  Case Presentation We present a case of a 28-year-old female who presented with headache, vomiting, and giddiness for two days. MRI brain revealed a heterogeneously enhancing intraventricular mass lesion in the frontal horn and body of the right lateral ventricle, causing obstruction at the foramen of Monro and leading to ventricular dilatation. Imaging features, including T2 hyperintensity, diffusion restriction, and a glycine peak on MR spectroscopy, suggested a neurocytoma. Neurosurgical biopsy confirmed central neurocytoma (CNS WHO Grade 2) based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.  Discussion The patient’s symptoms were due to obstructive hydrocephalus, a common presentation of CN. MRI played a crucial role in identifying the lesion, distinguishing it from differential diagnoses such as ependymoma, astrocytoma, and meningioma. Complete surgical resection remains the preferred treatment, with a generally favourable prognosis.  Conclusion Early recognition of CN on MRI is essential for prompt surgical intervention. Given its benign behaviour and low recurrence rate, CN has an excellent prognosis if completely excised. Radiologists must be aware of its imaging characteristics to aid in accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical planning.