From lab to livestock: Harnessing hormones to revolutionize in vitro embryo development

The development competence of embryos is crucial for livestock reproduction and agriculture productivity. Hormone supplementation has an additive effect on improving embryo quality and enhancing developmental rates. This review focuses on the impact of hormones such as progesterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, and triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Optimized concentrations of these compounds impact in vitro oocyte maturation and enhance the competence of embryos across various livestock species and their potential to improve reproductive outcomes.