Outlook on human-centred design in industry 5.0: towards mass customisation, personalisation, co-creation, and co-production

This study reviews and expands upon the traditional human-centred design within the emerging paradigm of Industry 5.0. It differentiates human-centred design from user-centred approaches by advocating beyond usability encompassing social, environmental, and ethical considerations. The framework considers humans at multiple levels and explores how designers can benefit from Industry 4.0 technologies to interact with non-designer humans. It examines human-centred design approach in co-creation and co-production practices. Furthermore, it investigates the role of technological enablers (artificial intelligence, digital twins, computational design, digital fabrication, robotics, augmented/virtual reality), in facilitating communication and collaboration throughout the design process from observation and ideation to prototyping and testing. The framework leverages a smart data-centre to ensure interconnectivity and integration across all stages. By incorporating technological enablers of Industry 4.0 and addressing the concerns and values of Industry 5.0, we explore human-centricity at both the consumption and production levels, ultimately fostering sustainable, ethical, and socially responsible design practices. Successful implementation of human-centred design requires addressing several challenges related to data security, transparency, and explainability focusing on technological scalability, and stakeholder engagement. Investing in developing industry-wide standards, open-source solutions, and digital literacy initiatives is crucial to keep human-centric design at the core of Industry 5.0 advancements.