The Impact of Individual Mandate and Income on Private Health Insurance Enrollment: A State-Level Analysis on Individual Behavior Change

The findings highlight that individuals in the mandated states are more likely to have private health insurance, addressing adverse selection issues and stabilizing the health insurance market. However, the mandate disproportionately affects lower-income individuals, suggesting the need for additional financial assistance to sustain enrollment. Policymakers should consider complementary support programs, such as subsidies and cost-sharing reductions, to mitigate financial burdens and ensure broader coverage. Maintaining an individual mandate alongside targeted financial policies can contribute to a more equitable and sustainable healthcare system.