Evaluating the Philippine Coast Guard Station and Sub-Station Personnel's Capabilities During Marine Casualty Investigations (MCI): A Framework for a Standardized Training Program

Abstract Aim: The immediate conduct of Marine Casualty Investigations (MCI) is crucial and should be handled by qualified investigators. However, there are instances when investigators are unduly delayed and have not yet arrived at the scene. In such cases, the responsibility of performing highly crucial and critical steps—including initial investigations, coordination with other agencies, data collection, identification of safety deficiencies, and submission of reports—falls on the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) Station and Sub-station personnel. Properly conducting MCIs is essential to derive accurate results and formulate effective recommendations. It ensures that similar incidents are prevented in the future. This study is particularly relevant in identifying the capabilities, roles, and challenges faced by PCG Station and Sub-station personnel in supporting MCI. Methodology: The study employed a concurrent triangulation mixed-method research design using checklists, test questionnaires, and interviews to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. The listed dependent variables include the personnel’s roles, capabilities, and performance levels, while the enumerated independent variables—such as training, professional development, and targeted development programs—aim to enhance skills. The study involved 100 participants, comprising 10 PCG Station Commanders and 90 Sub-station Commanders. Results: The findings reveal gaps in terms of gender balance and training. Most participants were senior male officers with law enforcement experience but lacked specialized MCI training. While PCG personnel demonstrated strong capabilities in identifying safety deficiencies, evidence collection, and initial investigations, weaknesses were observed in report drafting, inter-agency coordination, evidence handling, and managing media and unauthorized personnel during MCIs. Conclusion: To address these gaps, improving the quality of training programs, fostering inter-agency collaboration, streamlining the reporting process, and implementing quality improvement plans are recommended. Long-term studies and comparative assessments, annual calibrations, and recalibrations should be conducted to strengthen the overall effectiveness and preparedness of MCI operations. Keywords: Philippine Coast Guard, Station and Sub-Station Personnel, Marine Casualty Investigations