EVALUATION AND TREATMENT OF VITAMIN D INSUFFICIENCY AND DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN

Vitamin D is not just a fat-soluble vitamin with important roles in bone health and calcium homeostasis; key functions in regulating innate immune response and modulating intestinal inflammation or allergic reactions are evidence-based findings in the last decade. Attributing the term of deficiency or insufficiency is irrelevant, but correct prophylaxis and treatment for inadequate levels of vitamin D is essential to maintaining good bones, efficient immunity, and low risk of intestinal inflammation. However, the dosage for maintenance and therapeutic purposes should be tailored to individual needs, considering factors like age, severity of deficiency, and comorbid conditions. Addressing vitamin D deficiency through supplementation, food fortification, and sunlight exposure is key to improving public health.