Nutrition as a method for managing functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a common problem in paediatric practice. Symptoms of this disorder in infants account for 25 to 55%. Presence of these symptoms in children has significant impact on their quality of life and also, affects the parents’ quality of life. Functional GI disorders are characterized by pronounced clinical manifestations, despite the absence of organic GI pathology and metabolic disorders. The article presents the major types of functional disorders such as infantile colic, functional constipation and infantile regurgitation, as well as their prevalence, pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical presentation. Particular attention is paid to dietary recommendations that can help improve the health condition of children. Cow’s milk-based infant formulas are popular, while goat’s milk-based formulas are a newish alternative nutrition. It should, however, be noted that goat milk protein has a range of health benefits compared to cow’s milk protein, especially in terms of digestion, as it is more efficiently digested than proteins from cow milk. Recommendations for the management of patients with functional GI disorders on modern milk formulas in the absence of breastfeeding are presented using the example of a clinical report of a 2-month-old baby (K.) with his mother’s complaints about loud crying after eating, irregular bowel movements, regurgitation, short and restless sleep episodes. The CoMiSS (Cow’s Milk-related Symptom Score) scale showed that goat’s milk-based infant formula may be a promising alternative to cow’s milk-based infant formula for this baby.