Ranging of Moving Sound Source Using Single Hydrophone in Shallow Waters

This study proposes an algorithm to estimate the radial velocity of a moving sound source as well as the distance to the source using acoustic data recorded on a single hydrophone. The proposed algorithm is based on the field differencing technique which measures the radial velocity of the sound source by cross-correlating the sound fields at different source-receiver ranges and estimates the range to the source by matching the measured radial velocity profile with the radial velocity model hypothesized by the range. Because the proposed algorithm considers the Doppler shift incurred by the source movement, it allows correct selection of the signal of interest and robust calculation of the cross-correlated field. The proposed algorithm is verified using the SWellEx-96 experiment data, and the data analysis results show that the proposed algorithm estimates the source track parameters at longer distances than the original form of the field differencing method.