Research on MAC Protocol of Power Control Based on Node Location in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network

The problems of high energy consumption and low data transmission quality are common in underwater acoustic sensor networks. Based on the reservation-based MAC protocol (R-MAC), a power control reservation-based MAC protocol (PC-RMAC) which based on location information is proposed. According to the threshold of receiving power, the gain of transmitting and receiving antenna transducer of sensor nodes, the system loss factor, the sound frequency and the actual distance between nodes, the optimal transmitting power can be calculated and dynamically adjusted, so as to reduce the energy consumption generated by the nodes sending data, improve the network energy utilization rate and prolong the life of the network. The performance of the protocol is simulated and verified in star topology, multi-hop topology and hybrid clustering topology respectively. The results show that under the star topology and the distance between nodes is within 600m, the packet delivery ratio of PC-RMAC protocol is slightly higher than that of R-MAC protocol, with lower average energy consumption and lower average delay. The simulation results of PC-RMAC protocol in multi-hop topology show that with the increase of the traffic rate of nodes, when the traffic rate of nodes is about 0.04pkt/s-0.08pkt/s, the packet delivery ratio of PC-RMAC protocol is slightly higher than that of R-MAC protocol, the average energy consumption is slightly lower and the average delay is lower than that of the R-MAC protocol. Simulation experiments under mixed clustering topology showed that the packet delivery ratio of the PC-RMAC protocol is slightly higher than that of the R-MAC protocol as the traffic rate of the node increases. The average energy consumption of the R-MAC protocol shows fluctuations. The average energy consumption of the PC-RMAC protocol is stable and slightly lower than the average energy consumption of the R-MAC protocol, with an average delay of around 20%. By analyzing simulation of PC-RMAC protocol and R-MAC protocol in these three topologies, it can be seen that PC-RMAC protocol has great advantages in improving packet delivery ratio, reducing average energy consumption and average delay.