Transformer wave function for two dimensional frustrated magnets: Emergence of a spin-liquid phase in the Shastry-Sutherland model

The authors propose here a variational ansatz based on the Transformer architecture to investigate frustrated quantum magnets. The key idea is based on constructing a map, parametrized with a Transformer, from the space of the physical spin configurations to an abstract space, where the determination of the properties of the system is simplified. This method achieves an exceptionally accurate description of the ground-state properties of the Shastry-Sutherland model, successfully identifying the presence of a gapless quantum spin liquid phase.