Three-Dimensional Near-Field Source Localization for EMVS Array with Arbitrary Sensor Geometry

In this paper, a novel spatial-temporal algorithm for three-dimensional near-field source localization with arbitrary geometry electromagnetic vector sensor (EMVS) array is proposed, which provides closed-form solution to two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (2D-DOA), range and polarization parameter estimation. The core idea of the proposed algorithm is to construct a specific cross-correlation matrix using spatial and temporal information of the incident signals, then 2D-DOA arriving at each EMVS can be estimated by exploiting the rotational structure in the constructed matrix. Numerical and simulation results demonstrate that compared to the existing method based on cumulant, the proposed algorithm has lower computational cost and the same degree of freedom, it achieves better parameter estimation performance, especially at low signal-to-noise ratios.