The Combination of Salicylic Acid, Nicotinamide, and Proline Mitigates the Damage Caused by Salt Stress in Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus)
Salinity represents a significant challenge for agriculture, especially in semi-arid regions, affecting the growth and productivity of plants such as nasturtium (<i>Tropaeolum majus</i>), which is valued for its ornamental, medicinal, and food uses. Salt stress disrupts biochemical, physiological, and anatomical processes, limiting plant development. This study investigated the application of attenuators, including salicylic acid, nicotinamide, and proline, to mitigate the effects of salt stress on nasturtium cultivated in a hydroponic system. The treatments involved different combinations of these compounds under saline conditions (40 mM NaCl). The attenuators reduced the negative impacts of salt stress, promoting improvements in gas exchange, such as increased net photosynthesis, water-use efficiency, and stomatal conductance. Additionally, the treatments enhanced vegetative and reproductive growth, increasing the dry biomass of leaves, stems, and flowers, as well as the number of flowers and flower buds. The combination of salicylic acid, nicotinamide, and proline stood out by providing greater efficiency in carbon assimilation, stability of photosynthetic pigments, and higher tolerance to salt stress. These findings reinforce the potential of using attenuators to optimize the cultivation of nasturtium in saline environments, promoting higher productivity and plant quality.
Authors
- Rogério Ferreira Ribas
- Toshik Iarley da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0704-2046)
- Xuguang Tang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3494-8867)
- Gustavo Ferreira da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-2814)
- Marcos Roberto Santos Correia
- A. E. Rubio‐Casal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-5043)
- Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6983-8245)
- Thieres George Freire da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8355-4935)
- Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7094-3635)
- Elania Freire da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7176-3609)
- Luann Wendel Pereira de Sena (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9363-5766)
- João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-0066)
- Keilane Silva Lima
- Luz Santana (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-884X)
- Thainan Sipriano dos Santos
- Elienay Vinícius da Silva Dutra
- Myriam El Adas
- Maria Carolina Borges de Oliveira Ribeiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3889-6671)
Institutions
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (BR)
- Hangzhou Normal University (CN)
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (BR)
- Universidad de Sevilla (ES)
- Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (BR)
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Plants
- Published
- 2025-04-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14081156
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.75
Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia