NK/T-cell bone lymphoma-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A clinical case report

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe condition characterized by the secretion of large amounts of inflammatory cytokines. Lymphoma is a major cause of secondary HLH. This report describes the case of a child initially diagnosed with HLH who experienced recurrent episodes after treatment. Ten months after the initial diagnosis, a mass was discovered in the right upper limb, and pathology findings confirmed NK/T-cell lymphoma. Based on the patient's medical history, this lymphoma was considered the underlying cause of HLH. Patients diagnosed with lymphoma complicated by HLH have a worse prognosis and shorter survival compared with those without HLH. Early diagnosis and timely symptomatic treatment can significantly improve patient prognosis.