Investigation of an unusual extreme precipitation event in the Jaru biological reserve, Brazilian Amazonia

This study analyzes the seasonality and magnitude of precipitation at three strategically positioned stations near Ji-Paraná in the Brazilian Amazon, aiming to assess the representativeness of data from the Jaru Biological Reserve (Rebio Jaru). A significant precipitation event was recorded in December 2018, with Rebio Jaru receiving approximately 700 ​mm of rainfall. Comparative analyses revealed notable discrepancies in precipitation across the stations, with Ji-Paraná ANA and Fazenda Nossa Senhora (FNS) measuring 500 ​mm and 397 ​mm, respectively. These variations underscore the influence of regional hydrological and climatic factors, including the Ji-Paraná River system. The findings highlight the critical need to expand and enhance the rainfall monitoring network within the Amazon Basin to improve meteorological data accuracy and strengthen the region's resilience against climate change impacts. The study emphasizes the need for advanced predictive capabilities and robust, real-time monitoring systems to mitigate the risks associated with extreme weather events, thereby supporting biodiversity conservation and the socio-economic well-being of local and riverside communities. • Seasonal precipitation variability analyzed in Jaru Biological Reserve, Amazon. • December 2018 saw extreme rainfall, with 700 ​mm recorded at Rebio Jaru. • Disparities in precipitation noted across Ji-Paraná, Rebio Jaru, and FNS. • Findings stress expanding Amazon's rainfall network for better data accuracy. • Enhanced monitoring can support biodiversity and local community resilience.