Capacity assessment for single batch machine production with interval grey processing time

Purpose This paper aims to propose a capacity assessment approach for production with uncertainty, focusing on single batch machine production with interval grey processing time. Design/methodology/approach Based on the interval grey number and its mathematical operations, single batch machine production with uncertain grey processing time is defined as the research object. The uncertain processing times generation methods are then developed, which rely on specific definitions and historical data. A capacity assessment approach tailored to this production mode is subsequently proposed, and its validity is demonstrated through multiple real-world cases from one aerospace composite material manufacturer. Findings The proposed capacity assessment approach provides reliable results for various types of single batch machine production tasks. For tasks with a small number of jobs or significant variations in job sizes, assessment results can be obtained in the first stage, known as model assessment. For the remaining production tasks, reliable results can be achieved through the second stage, heuristic assessment. Research limitations/implications In this paper, the proposed capacity assessment approach is validated based on single batch machine production. To enhance its applicability in more actual production scenarios, the approach needs to extend to more production modes. The mathematical model and heuristic algorithm proposed in this paper have certain limitations and need to be further designed to suit the other production modes. Originality/value This paper provides a novel capacity assessment approach for uncertain production. And it helps to promote the application of grey system theory in real-world production management.