Cryptococcal meningitis resistant to Fluconazole treatment: a case report

Justification: Cryptococcal meningitis is the second most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients and is associated with high mortality rates. The antifungal agents proven effective in treating cryptococcosis include amphotericin B, fluconazole, and flucytosine. The prevalence of Cryptococcus spp. resistance to fluconazole varies by region and population. Case Report: Here, we report a fatal case of fluconazole-resistant cryptococcal meningitis in an immunosuppressed adult with AIDS. Severe liver dysfunction hindered effective treatment, while fluconazole resistance further restricted therapeutic options. Conclusions: Cryptococcal meningitis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially among AIDS patients. Early and appropriate antifungal treatment is crucial for improving outcomes. The growing concern over Cryptococcus spp. resistance to fluconazole remains poorly understood, highlighting the need for further studies to optimize early treatment strategies.