A perfusion phantom for dynamic micro-CT imaging

This study presents the development, implementation, and testing of a 3D printed phantom with two compartments designed for dynamic micro-CT imaging using low molecular weight contrast agents. The phantom was evaluated through both optical and micro-CT imaging to assess its ability to generate and repeat various time attenuation curves (TACs). The optical tests demonstrated the phantom’s capability to produce a wide variety of time contrast curves by adjusting valve positions, while maintaining a repeatable input curve. Micro-CT tests confirmed the generation of diverse time attenuation curves, although repeatability was affected by the increased viscosity of the ISOVUE contrast agent. Using a gamma variate function to model the generated TAC shapes, the phantom was able to generate attenuation starting times ranging from ~12-25 seconds and peak times ranging from ~25-60 seconds. Having patterned our design after a fully tested clinical CT perfusion phantom, this preclinical phantom promises to be a valuable tool for validating and quantifying perfusion micro-CT measurements. This work represents one of the first adaptations and implementations of a dynamic perfusion phantom for CT at the preclinical level, providing a standardized method for quality assurance in preclinical and research settings. Future research should focus on addressing the observed inconsistencies and exploring the phantom’s potential in various preclinical applications.